Category:Tutorial on how to do

Hello World!

It is a long-standing tradition among computer programmers to write a "Hello World" program when first learning a new computer language. It encompasses a fully functioning program. It tells the user that the computer is alive and kicking. So, here I will present the program. But since I like to do more than usual, I will first present the version of the program that is very popular in the old days. You can usually find it on display computers. Here it is:  10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"

20 GOTO 10  That's it! The computer will display the words "HELLO WORLD " over and over again. What's with the numbers in the beginning of the line? They are called line numbers. Petit Computer Smile Basic does not use line numbers. No, really. Those line numbers you see in Petit Computer editor is totally unlike the line numbers you see here. Petit Computer line numbers are reference numbers. Good for telling you where your errors lie. Did you mistypePRINT  as PRONTO ? Error!

So, if Smile Basic does not use line numbers, how do we tell it to GOTO  line 10? Well, first of all, I hope you know what GOTO  does. Here's a bit of background:  Computer programs are made of different instructions. You see two of them here: PRINT, which displays the text, and <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">GOTO  which causes the instruction to go to the line number specified (in this case 10).

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">The computer uses something like a "Program Counter" - PC for short. All it does is specify which instruction is to be executed (or run). You can see this in action using <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">TRACE command. Petit Computer does not have <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">TRACE. Anyway, you have lines, and line numbers. The instructions is executed one after the other. <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">GOTO  will cause the instruction to go to the line specified. Petit Computer does not use line numbers. It uses label. You create a label by typing character '<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@ ' in front of the name. So the Hello World program goes like this:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@A :'Start of the program

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT "Hello World"

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">GOTO @A <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">A Word about  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@label

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">This isn't mentioned in the Help manual, but the program ignores everything after the space in label. So, theoretically, you can type this: <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@A Start of the program <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">But I like to put in colon (command separator) and tick (comment) just in case the creator changed their mind and decide to allow something like this: <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@A :PRINT "Hello World":GOTO @A <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">By the way, a question mark (<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">? ) is a shorthand for <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT. So you can type <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">?"Hello World"  instead of   <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT "HELLO WORLD" <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">What computers are made of?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">By now, you are no doubt mesmerized by the powers of computer. The machine is capable of wonderful things. I know I'm bucking the convention here, but the computer is actually stupid. As in Forrest Gump stupid. No. Even worse than that! What are computers made of? A bunch of numbers. Really. <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">You see, a computer memory is a contiguous section of numbers. If you see the advertisement that a computer has 64KB. You know that a computer have about 64,000 numbers. Actually 2 to the power of 16 or 65536. Somewhere among those numbers are entries for touchscreen, buttons, various pixels on screen, and other things. But really, it's all just a bunch of numbers. Bits and bytes. <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> Fortunately, you don't have to know them. I usually tell people that there are two different things you can use: Text and Numbers. <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Numbers are basically digits: 1,4,1234,3.5,3.46,3.121428. There is a difference between Integer and Real (Float), but not that much. Petit Computer uses 32 bit Fixed notation that is not too accurate. Be careful of round of error.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Strings are basically text. Strings are defined by enclosing text in quotation marks: "This is a text", "This is also a text", "That is a chair with a panda on it." <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">You can assign numbers and text to variables (named references):

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A=42 :'number.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A$="Hello World" :'string.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Notice $ mark at the end of variable name! <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">What about bits?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Ah, yes. Bits and bytes. For user convenience, we don't deal with bits and bytes, mostly. There are times when we will have to, usually when we're interfacing with hardware. You can do binary digits by using "<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">&b " and hexadecimal digits by using "<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">&h ". Try this: <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &B1000 :'Prints 8

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &B0100 :'Prints 4

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &B0001 :'Prints 1

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &B1100 :'Prints 12

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &HACE :'Prints 2766

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &HC :'Prints 12

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &HC4 :'Prints 196

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT &HEAD :' Prints 3757

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">A quick sample program?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">So, ready for a quick sample program? Didn't we just have one? Hello World is a program, isn't it? Oh, you want something that computes. Ok, how about this? <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">?2+2 <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">The computer should print "4" underneath that statement. If not, try doing it in direct mode. Push the orange |>RUN button on the lower screen. Got it? There you go. A full functioning program! <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Haha, joking aside, that is the original purpose of the computer: To compute numbers. But I can give you something else. This one is more substantial. You type this in <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">/EDIT  mode as it will not fit in one line in direct mode. Make sure that this is the only line. Type NEW in direct mode to erase any program in memory. Then enter edit mode and type this all in one line. <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">INPUT "NUMBER";N:FOR A=2 TO N-1:IF N%A==0 THEN ?"NOT PRIME" ELSE NEXT:?"PRIME" <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Now enter direct mode. Type RUN. Here are some sample runs:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NUMBER?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">267

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NOT PRIME

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NUMBER?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">13457

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRIME <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">The interesting thing is, this line will also work in old style BASIC that allows IF-THEN-ELSE structure. The commands are as follow: <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">1. INPUT "NUMBER";N   'The program prints out the text  "NUMBER ", append question mark, and waits for user input. You type in a number. The computer copies the number to variable  N

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">2. FOR A=2 TO N-1   <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">'This is a loop. It assigns to variable <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A  some numbers, starting from 2 to a number 1 less than you typed. It then repeats the command between this and the keyword "<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NEXT "

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">3. IF N%A==0 THEN  'This checks whether or not N is evenly divisible by  A.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">4. ?"NOT PRIME"  'Prints out " NOT PRIME " if  TRUE

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">5. ELSE  'A keyword that means the comparison is  FALSE

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">6. NEXT  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">'This is the <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NEXT  in FOR-NEXT LOOP. Increment the value of <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A  by one and repeat the process.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">7. ?"PRIME"  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">'This prints the word "<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRIME ". It is displayed when <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A  has reached the value<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">N-1  (as specified in the loop declaration) <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Quite a program, eh? You have 7 steps all put into one line! I know that the loop may terminate after the square root of <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">N, but I like to keep things simple. <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Here's another program. Use it to practice inputting the program into the computer:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT"FACTORS" <u style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">FOR A=2 TO N <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">@F :'LABEL FOR WHILE LOOP <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">IF N%A==0 THEN ?A:N=N/A:GOTO @F <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NEXT <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">You type this underneath the PRIME 1-liner program. It uses the  <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">N  from the <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">INPUT "NUMBER";N  instruction above. There is a little trick here that isn't mentioned in the help file. You can use multiple lines in IF-THEN by using colon. So, the statements<span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> ?A:N=N/A:GOTO @F  will only be executed if <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">N  is evenly divisible by <span style="font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">A. This isn't true for old BASIC, so don't be surprised if you need some modification in order to run it in old BASIC.

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">What have we learned?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">You know:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Text and Numbers

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">Labels  and  GOTO

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> Direct  (RUN)  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">mode

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">Edit  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">mode

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT  and  INPUT

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">RUN  <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">the program (executing the program).

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Walk through the code (reading the code in editor)

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">The computer is stupid, stupid, stupid!

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Try this:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">What is the largest number that can be typed after the prompt?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> Shorthand for  REM(REMARK)?

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">Edit:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">You can also do this:

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">PRINT"FACTORS"

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">INPUT "NUMBER";N

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">FOR A=2 TO N

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">IF N%A==0 THEN ?A:N=N/A:A=A-1

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">NEXT

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;"> <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">If works by adjusting the value of A one step backward, effectively making it the same value as before when it gets incremented by the loop.

BLEACHDUDE45 (talk) 22:30, April 5, 2015 (UTC)BLEACHDUDE45

<span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-family:inherit;font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;">-- <span style="color:rgb(102,102,102);font-size:13.1999998092651px;line-height:18.4799995422363px;font-family:'CourierNew',Courier,monospace;">